Pope Pius IX decrees excommunication for "sinful insurrection" in the Papal States during 1859

Pope Pius IX issued Letters Apostolic that excommunicated all those who had last year instigated or taken part in "sinful insurrection" in the Papal States of Italy. Several of the Pope's provinces had suffered serious upset and revolt during the unrest surrounding the war between France and Sardinia and the Austrian Empire during 1859.  The Pope's instructions sought to invoke divine judgement in such cases.  (By John Osborne)  
Source Citation
Joseph Irving, The Annals of Our Times .... (London: MacMillan and Company, 1869), 415.
    Date Certainty
    Exact
    Type
    Religion/Philosophy
    How to Cite This Page: "Pope Pius IX decrees excommunication for "sinful insurrection" in the Papal States during 1859," House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College, https://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/31385.