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Mexico had suspended interest payments on the nation's giant foreign debt in July 1861. On October 31, 1861, the main European debtors, Britain, France, and Spain, signed a convention in London for an occupation of Mexican customs houses, beginning with Vera Cruz, to force continued payments. Spanish naval units arrived off Vera Cruz and were later joined by British and French in the landing of troops at the port. (By John Osborne)
Source Citation
Brian R. Hamnett, A Concise History of Mexico (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 163-164.
Record Data
Date Certainty
Exact
Type
US/the World
