French military operations had been successful during the spring of 1862 and in on May 16, 1862 the war-weary Vietnamese Emperor Tu-Duc appointed representatives, Phan Thanh Gian and Lam Duy Hep, to sue for peace. Following negotiations, the Treaty of Saigon was signed that ceded the wealthy provinces of Biên Hòa, Gia Định and Dinh Tuong to France. The so-called "unequal treaty" also demanded and won, such as the freedom of movement action for the Catholic Church throughout the country. (By John Osborne)
Source Citation
Mark W. McLeod, The Vietnamese Response to French Intervention, 1862-1874 (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1991), 54.
Record Data
Date Certainty
Exact
Type
US/the World