After one of their boats had been fired upon the previous day, the United States warships Portsmouth and Levant shelled and silenced two Chinese forts on the Canton river. (By John Osborne)
A new 1,715 mile telegraph line linked St. Johns in Newfoundland with New York City. This was made possible by the new eighty-five miles of submarine cable under the Gulf of St. Lawrence from Cape Ray, Nova Scotia to Cape Race on Newfoundland. (By John Osborne)
The French steamship Lyonnais, having left New York for Le Havre the day before, collided with the American ship Adriatic bound from Savannah from Belfast in northern Ireland. The Lyonnais sunk the next day and only sixteen of the 150 aboard were saved. (By John Osborne)
James M. McPherson, "Grant, Ulysses S.," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/05/05-00291.html.
In mid-April 1863 Grant set in motion a campaign that won acclaim as the most brilliant of the war. Because of its high risks, Sherman and other subordinates opposed his plan, but Grant, like Robert E. Lee, was a great commander because of his willingness to take risks. He sent Union cavalry under Colonel Benjamin Grierson on a raid through Mississippi as a diversion.