Great Lakes, 1856, zoomable map

Scanned by
Library of Congress
Notes
Cropped, edited, and prepared for use here by Don Sailer, Dickinson College, March 30, 2011.
Image type
map
Use in Day View?
No
Courtesy of
Library of Congress Geography and Maps Division
Permission to use?
Public
Original caption
View fo the lake & north west-connections with Philadelphia.
Source citation
Map Collections, Library of Congress Geography and Map Division

Franklin Gardner, detail

Scanned by
Library of Congress
Notes
Sized, cropped, and adjusted for use here by John Osborne, Dickinson College, March 31, 2011.
Image type
photograph
Use in Day View?
No
Courtesy of
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
Permission to use?
Public
Original caption
Franklin Gardner, CSA, Born N.Y.C.
Source citation
Civil War Glass Negative Collection, Library of Congress

Franklin Gardner

Scanned by
Library of Congress
Notes
Sized, cropped, and adjusted for use here by John Osborne, Dickinson College, March 31, 2011.
Image type
photograph
Use in Day View?
No
Courtesy of
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
Permission to use?
Public
Original caption
Franklin Gardner, CSA, Born N.Y.C.
Source citation
Civil War Glass Negative Collection, Library of Congress

"The (Fort) Monroe Doctrine," cartoon, June 1861

Scanned by
Library of Congress
Notes
Sized, cropped, and adjusted for use here by John Osborne, Dickinson College, March 31, 2011.
Image type
cartoon
Use in Day View?
No
Courtesy of
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
Permission to use?
Public
Original caption
The (Fort) Monroe Doctrine
Source citation
American Cartoon Prints Collection, Library of Congress
Source note
Artist: unknown
 

Union General Benjamin Butler declares slaves as "contraband of war"

Commanding Fort Monroe, Virginia, General Benjamin Butler learned slaves were being used to construct gun emplacements surrounding the fort.  When his patrols brought in three black laborers, he declared them confiscated "contraband of war" or property the enemy could use against him.  When their owner arrived to reclaim them, Butler informed him that since Virginia had seceded, the Fugitive Slave Law no longer applied there.  This declaration precipitated numerous slave escapes into Union lines. (By John Osborne) 
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Type
Battles/Soldiers
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President Lincoln signs the Second Confiscation Act authorizing freedom for confiscated slaves

Senator Lyman Trumbull had introduced the Second Confiscation Act in early December, 1861. After months of debate and amendment the measure passed both houses.  It gave the first clear instructions on the confiscation and emancipation of slaves in the states in rebellion.  Slave owners there were given sixty days to return to the Union or have their slaves freed.  All escaped or confiscation slaves were to be declared free.  The act also included a controversial proviso to fund the colonization of freed blacks.  (By John Osborne)
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Lawmaking/Litigating
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President Lincoln signs the First Confiscation Act authorizing the seizure of slaves aiding the Confederacy

The First Confiscation Act had passed the House of Representatives 60-48 and the U.S. Senate 24-11 and was signed, after some hesitation, by President Lincoln on this date.  It mandated the seizure and confiscation of slaves being used to support the Confederate war effort.  Unclear as to the actual status of the confiscated slaves, who remained slaves, and poorly enforced it let quickly to the introduction of a more direct and radical measure the following December.  (By John Osborne)  
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Type
Lawmaking/Litigating
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Charles Wilkes (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Roberta A. Sprague, "Wilkes, Charles," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/20/20-01124.html.
[Wilkes's] most important command, the U.S. Exploring and Surveying Expedition to the Pacific Ocean and South Seas, 1838-1842, represented the first governmental sponsorship of scientific endeavor and was instrumental in the nation's westward expansion. Specimens gathered by expedition scientists became the foundation collections of the Smithsonian Institution. Significant American contributions in the fields of geology, botany, conchology, anthropology, and linguistics came from the scientific work of the expedition. Wilkes's evaluations of his landfalls influenced later U.S.
American National Biography Online

"Smoking Him Out," cartoon, 1848

Scanned by
Library of Congress
Notes
Sized, cropped, and adjusted for use here by John Osborne, Dickinson College, March 30, 2011.
Image type
cartoon
Use in Day View?
No
Courtesy of
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
Permission to use?
Public
Original caption
Smoking him out
Source citation
American Cartoon Prints Collection, Library of Congress
Source note
Artist: Nathaniel Currier
 
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