Secession (Channing, 1922)

Textbook
Edward Channing, A Student’s History of the United States, 4th ed. (New York: MacMillan Co., 1922), 441-442.
On the day Secession of (December 17, 1860) that Senator Crittenden brought forward this conciliatory proposition, the South Carolina convention met at Charleston. "Commissioners" and leading men from other Southern states were present to urge haste, but there was at least one memorial urging delay; it was suppressed.

Secession (Tindall, 1999)

Textbook
George Brown Tindall and David E. Shi, eds., America: A Narrative History, 5th ed. (2 vols., New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1999), 1: 726-727.
In the free states and the Confederate states, Lincoln’s proclamation reinforced the patriotic fervor of the day. In the upper South it brought dismay, and another wave of secession that swept four more states into the Confederacy. Many in those states abhorred both abolitionists and secessionists, but faced with a call for troops to suppress their sister states, decided to abandon the Union. Virginia acted first. Its convention passed an Ordinance of Secession on April 17. The Confederate Congress then chose Richmond as its new capital, and the government moved there in June.

Secession (Roark, 2002)

Textbook
James L. Roark et al., eds., The American Promise: A History of the United States, 2nd ed. (2 vols., Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2002), 1: 484-485.
The debate about what to do was briefest in South Carolina. It seceded from the Union on December 20, 1860. By February 1861, the six other Deep South states marched in South Carolina’s footsteps. Only South Carolinians voted overwhelmingly from secession, however; elsewhere, the vote was close. In general, the nonslaveholding inhabitants of the pine barrens and mountain counties displayed the greatest attachment to the Union. Slaveholders spearheaded secession.

Secession (Divine, 2007)

Textbook
Robert A. Divine et al., eds., The American Story, 3rd ed. (2 vols., New York: Pearson Education, Inc., 2007), 1: 380-381.
South Carolina, which had long been in the forefront of southern rights and proslavery agitation, was the first state to secede, doing so on December 20, 1860, at a convention meeting in Charleston. The constitutional theory behind secession was that the Union was a "compact" among sovereign states, each of which could withdraw from the Union by the vote of a convention similar to the one that had ratified the Constitution in the first place.

Mississippi, 1857, zoomable map

Scanned by
John Osborne, Dickinson College
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map
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No
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Public
Original caption
A New MAp of Mississippi with its Roads and Distances...
Source citation
Mitchell's New Universal Atlas.... (Philadelphia: Charles Desilver, 1857), 23.

British Isles, 1857, zoomable map

Scanned by
John Osborne, Dickinson College
Scan date
Image type
map
Use in Day View?
No
Permission to use?
Public
Source citation
Mitchell's New Universal Atlas.... (Philadelphia: Charles Desilver, 1857), 47-48.

Iceland, 1857

Scanned by
John Osborne, Dickinson College
Scan date
Image type
map
Use in Day View?
No
Permission to use?
Public
Source citation
Mitchell's New Universal Atlas.... (Philadelphia: Charles Desilver, 1857), 47-48.

Ten below cold brings collapse of portions of the Union Railroad Depot in Troy, New York

At 3:35 a.m., about a third of the roof of the Union Railroad Depot in Troy, New York collapsed.  The structure had been completed in 1853 and was the largest railway depot in the country. Girders had contracted and broken during a very cold night bringing down the roof and brick walls. The offices of the Central and Saratoga Railroads were buried in the debris but the night watchmen escaped without injury and the trains continued to run.  (By John Osborne)
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Crime/Disasters
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The Italian Committee of New York visits Samuel Colt seeking arms for Garibaldi

A delegation from the Italian Committee of New York visited Hartford, Connecticut to urge Samuel Colt's support in arming Guiseppe Garibaldi's forces then gathering to invade Sicily.  Colt saw the business and publicity opportunity and gave the Committee more than 100 revolvers and carbines on the spot.  He was rewarded soon after when Garibaldi purchased 23,500 rifled muskets for $160,000, $30,000 of which Colt personally discounted.  (By John Osborne)
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Napoleon III urges Pope Pius IX to give up the revolting Papal States

In his New Year's wishes letter to Pope Pius IX, Napoleon III of France advised him that the best interests of the Papal See would be served if the Pope were "to give up the provinces that had revolted" in Italy.  Following the war with Austria, many smaller states were expressing vigorously a popular desire for unification in a wider Italy under Piedmont-Sardinia leadership.  The Pope rejected this advice forcefully in a January 19, 1860 encyclical.  (By John Osborne)
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