A white man fired into a joint rally of 800 African-Americans from Norfolk and Portsmouth, Virginia celebrating the congressional over-riding of President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act. He was set upon and killed. Federal troops escorted the marchers home but around a hundred whites, disciplined and some wearing C.S.A. uniforms, fired on Union officers and threatened "extermination" of blacks. Federal reinforcements, however, restored order.  (By John Osborne)  

In Norfolk, Virginia, a large number of black citizens participated in an impromptu rally to celebrate the U.S. Congress and its overturning of President Johnson's Civil Rights Act veto that same day.  They then announced plans for a larger rally with African-American groups from both neighboring Portsmouth and Norfolk the following week.  This event would trigger the first serious public disturbance in the federally occupied areas since the end of the war.  (By John Osborne)

Intending to force British concessions in Ireland, Fenian infantry under Union Army veteran Colonel John O'Neill had crossed the Niagara River into Ontario. After defeating Canadian militia at Ridgeway and Waterloo the day before, O'Neill decided to retreat back across the border but a large number of his men were arrested crossing the Niagara by U.S. naval units enforcing the Neutraility Act of 1819.  (By John Osborne)

Intending to force British concessions in Ireland, Fenian infantry under Union Army veteran Colonel John O'Neill had crossed the Niagara River and arrived the day before at Fort Erie in present-day Ontario and hoisted the Fenian flag. Fenians and Canadian militia met near the town of Ridgeway and the Irish, many Civil War veterans pushed back the Canadians in a confusing battle that resulted in light losses on both sides.  (By John Osborne).