Pike's ties to the Indians led to the events that transformed his life. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was named commissioner of Indian affairs for the Confederacy. He succeeded in winning most of the Arkansas tribes over to the Confederacy, and, after being commissioned brigadier general, he organized and armed several Indian regiments. In early March 1862, over his objection that the Indians had agreed to fight only in defense of their territory, Pike's regiments were ordered to take part in a Confederate offensive.

CLEMENS, Jeremiah, a Senator from Alabama; born in Huntsville, Ala., December 28, 1814; attended La Grange College and was graduated from the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa in 1833; studied law at Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky.; was admitted to the bar in 1834 and practiced in Huntsville; appointed United States district attorney for the northern district of Alabama in 1838; member, State house of representatives 1839-1841; raised a company of riflemen in 1842 and served in the Texas War of Independence; member, State house of representatives 1843-1844; serv