Phoebe Yates Levy Pember, Wartime Struggles (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Marli F. Weiner, "Pember, Phoebe Yates Levy," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-01118.html.
Pember's memoir of her wartime experiences also includes a description of a trip from Richmond to Georgia and back during a temporary leave of absence in October 1864. Her dramatic account chronicled the difficulties of wartime travel, even with transportation provided by the government, particularly for a woman alone. At one point only the timely intervention of a friend prevented her from being attacked by a man who assumed a respectable woman would not be alone.

American National Biography Online

Phoebe Yates Levy Pember, At Chimborazo (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Marli F. Weiner, "Pember, Phoebe Yates Levy," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-01118.html.
Pember wrote of her experiences at Chimborazo Hospital in A Southern Woman's Story, published in 1879. In it she recounts her struggles with the staff and with patients and their families. Pember was the first woman administrator at Chimborazo, and many of the male physicians were reluctant to allow her to attend to her duties….

American National Biography Online

Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc

Marcus Junius Parrott (Blackmar, 1912)
Type: Description
Citation:
Frank W. Blackmar, ed., “Parrot, Marcus J.,” Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc (Chicago: Standard Publishing Company, 1912), 2: 444-445.
Body Summary:
Parrott, Marcus J., member of Congress, was born at Hamburg, S. C., Oct. 27, 1828, but his parents removed to Dayton, Ohio, when he was a small boy. His father was of Quaker, anti-slavery ancestry, who moved into Ohio to escape the influences of that institution. Marcus received his education at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., where he graduated in 1849. After completing his collegiate course he studied law and began practice in Ohio. He entered actively into politics there and was elected representative to the state legislature in 1853. In 1855 he came to Kansas and settled in Leavenworth, where he soon became a prominent figure in the political life of the territory. In 1856 he succeeded John W. Whitfield as delegate in Congress, being the first Free State delegate from this territory, and was reflected in 1858. Mr. Parrott failed to distinguish himself, as his friends confidently expected, and at the first election of senators he was a candidate, but was defeated by Samuel C. Pomeroy. In 1862 and again in 1864 he was a candidate for Congress on the "Union ticket" and was both times defeated. In 1872 he joined the ''Liberals'' but was again defeated. After this defeat he became a Democrat. About 1878 Mr. Parrott was found to be suffering from softening of the brain. He died at the home of his sister at Dayton, Ohio, in Nov., 1879.
Richard J. Hinton (Blackmar, 1912)
Type: Description
Citation:
Frank W. Blackmar, ed., “Hinton, Richard J.,” Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc (Chicago: Standard Publishing Company, 1912), 1: 845.
Body Summary:
Hinton, Richard J., journalist, who was for many years intimately connected with Kansas affairs, was born in London, England, Nov. 26, 1830. His early life was a struggle with poverty. He learned the stonecutter's trade, and notwithstanding the hardships to which he was subjected, managed to secure through his own efforts a good, practical education. He became interested in social and political problems, with the result that he wanted to be a citizen of a republic, and in 1851 he came to the United States. In New York he learned the printer's trade and studied medicine and topographical engineering. On Aug 31, 1856, he arrived in Lawrence, Kan., and for some time after that was engaged as a correspondent for various newspapers in New England, New York and Cleveland, Ohio. Early in 1862, he was commissioned first lieutenant to recruit and drill colored troops, being the first man in the United States to receive such a commission. Mr. Hinton held several positions of trust and responsibility. He was the reporter of the Leaven- worth constitutional convention and of the impeachment court of 1862. In 1867 he was appointed commissioner of immigration; was later made inspector of United States consulates in Europe, and in 1873 he was President Grant's special agent at Vienna. He wrote a great deal on subjects relating to Kansas, and was the author of a historical work entitled "The War on the Border." About the beginning of the present century Mr. Hinton returned to his native land and died in London on Dec. 20, 1901.

William Still (New York Times)

Obituary
“William Still Dead,” New York Times, July 15, 1858, p. 2.
WILLIAM STILL DEAD.

Negro Known as “Father of the Underground Railroad” – Once a Slave, He Died Very Wealthy.

PHILADELPHIA, July 14. – William Still, who was known throughout the country as “Father of the Underground Railroad” and one of the best educated members of the negro race, died at his home here today.

Henry Winter Davis, Civil War and Reconstruction (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Jean Harvey Baker, "Davis, Henry Winter," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-00299.html.
Davis supported emancipation by Congress but not by the executive, the recruitment of black soldiers, and a new constitution for Maryland that would free the state's slaves. Always a believer in the balance of powers among the judiciary, legislative, and executive branches, Davis emerged as a critic of Lincoln's wartime suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. He challenged emancipation by the president, which he considered a state matter.

American National Biography Online

Henry Winter Davis (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Jean Harvey Baker, "Davis, Henry Winter," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-00299.html.
In Congress Davis earned a reputation as a compelling orator and a brilliant debater intent on opposing what he called "the agitation of slavery" and avoiding the divisive matters sweeping through Congress, such as the attempt to organize Kansas under the proslavery Lecompton constitution. Instead Davis focused on the agenda of his party, which sought to restrict the rapid influx of Catholic Irish and German immigrants. In his pamphlet The Origin, Principles and Purposes of the American Party (1852), he argued, "American Republicans alone are entitled to rule the American Republic."
American National Biography Online

William Lowndes Yancey (American National Biography)

Scholarship
J. Mills Thornton, "Yancey, William Lowndes," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-01080.html.
The election of Abraham Lincoln in November convinced Yancey that the time had arrived for immediate secession. He was elected to represent Montgomery County in the secession convention and was appointed chair of the committee that drafted the ordinance of secession. When the Confederacy was organized in February 1861, President Jefferson Davis nominated him together with Pierre A. Rost-Denis and A. Dudley Mann as a delegation to present the South's case to the European powers.
American National Biography Online

Dictionary of United States History, 1492-1895

Hannibal Hamlin (Dictionary of United States History)
Type: Description
Citation:
J. Franklin Jameson, "Hamlin, Hannibal," Dictionary of United States History, 1492-1895 (Boston: Puritan Publishing Co., 1894), 289.
Body Summary:
Hamlin, Hannibal (1809-1893), was admitted to the bar in 1833. He was a member of the Maine Legislature from 1836 to 1840 and in 1847, being chosen Speaker in 1837, 1839 and 1840. He was a Democratic Representative in Congress from 1842 to 1846, was elected a U. S. Senator in 1848 and served till 1857. He changed his party affiliation on account of anti-slavery sentiments, and was chosen Governor by the Republicans in 1857. He resigned and served in the U. S. Senate from 1857 to 1861, when he was elected Vice-President of the United States on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln, and was a member of the Senate from 1869 to 1881, when he was appointed Minister to Spain and served one year.
Irvin McDowell (Dictionary of United States History)
Type: Description
Citation:
J. Franklin Jameson, “McDowell, Irvin,” Dictionary of United States History, 1492-1895 (Boston: Puritan Publishing Co., 1894), 388.
Body Summary:
McDowell, Irvin (1818-1885), graduated at West Point in 1838 and served, like so many other West-Pointers, in the Mexican War. In 1861 he was appointed brigadier-general, and placed in charge of the Army of the Potomac. His plans for the first battle of Bull Run were admittedly excellent, but nothing could check the demoralization of the green troops. His reputation as a general was unjustly involved in the collapse of the army, and he was never again intrusted with high command. He was a corps commander in Virginia in 1862, fought at the battles of Cedar Mountain and second Bull Run; after the war he was a commander of various military departments, was promoted major-general in 1872, and retired in 1882.
Jefferson Davis (Dictionary of United States History)
Type: Description
Citation:
J. Franklin Jameson, "Davis, Jefferson," Dictionary of United States History, 1492-1895 (Boston: Puritan Publishing Co., 1894), 186.
Body Summary:
Davis, Jefferson (June 3, 1808-December 6, 1889), President of the Southern Confederacy, was born in Kentucky, and graduated at West Point in 1828. He saw some service in the Black Hawk War, but resigned from the army and became a cotton planter in Mississippi. He represented that State in Congress in 1845-46, but left Congress to take part as colonel in the Mexican War. In the storm of Monterey and the battle of Buena Vista he distinguished himself and was straightway chosen to the U. S. Senate, where he served 1847-51 and 1857-61. In 1851 he ran unsuccessfully as the States-rights candidate for Governor of Mississippi. In President Pierce's administration Mr. Davis was the Secretary of War 1853-57. He had become one of the Southern leaders, received some votes for the Democratic nomination for President in 1860, and in January, 1861, he left the U. S. Senate. He was thereupon elected provisional President of the Confederacy February 9, 1861, and was inaugurated February 18. In November of the same year he was elected President and was inaugurated February 22, 1862. From the second year of the war till the close many of his acts were severely criticised in the South itself. Many Southerners admit that President Davis' actions, especially his interference in military matters, impaired the prospects of success. An instance in point was his removal of General J. E. Johnston from command in 1864. Early in 1865 he conducted unsuccessful negotiations for peace. On the second of April the successes of Grant's army obliged President Davis to leave Richmond; he took the train for Danville, and after consultation proceeded southward and was captured by the Federals near Irwinsville, Ga., May 10, 1865. Until 1867 he was confined as a prisoner in Fort Monroe. He was in 1866 indicted for treason, released on bail the following year, and the trial was dropped. He passed the remainder of his life at Memphis and later in Mississippi, dying in New Orleans. He is the author of "Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government," two volumes. There are lives by Pollard and Alfriend.

Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature

Charles Collins (Cyclopaedia of Biblical…Literature)
Type: Description
Citation:
John McClintock and James Strong, “Collins, Charles,” Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature (New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1889), 2: 29.
Body Summary:
Collins, Charles, D.D., a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church South, was born in North Yarmouth, Me., April 17,1813. He received an elementary education at Portland, and the Maine Wesleyan Institute; after several years of school - teaching entered Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., and before he was twenty-five years of age graduated, taking the first honors, and was elected as the first president of Emory and Henry College, near Abingdon, Va. During the years of his student life he had embraced religion, and dedicated all his energies to it and education, and having united with the Holston Conference, labored abundantly and effectively in the pulpit during his service in Emory and Henry College. His controversial papers against Romanism, in 1844, exhibit his talent and ability in polemic theology; as do also his tracts, published in 1848, entitled Methodism and Calvinism Compared. He was also at this time editor of the Southern Repertory and College Review, and was a regular contributor to the Ladies' Repository, and various church papers and periodicals. In 1852 he was elected president of Dickinson College, and filled that position eight years, during which time he declined the presidency of Centenary College, La., and of Central College, Mo.; the chancellorship of the University of Missouri, of Michigan, and of Southern University, Greensborough, Ala. In 1860 he was transferred to the Memphis Conference, and took charge of the State Female College at Memphis, Tenn., becoming sole proprietor of the buildings and grounds, and placing it under the patronage of the Memphis Conference. In the service of that college he closed his life and labors, July 10, 1878. Dr. Collins was amiable, grave, sympathetic, studious, learned; a popular, able writer; an humble, earnest preacher, and an exemplary Christian. See Minutes of Annual Conferences of the M. E. Church South, 1875, p. 210; Simpson, Cyclop. of Methodism, s. v.
Erastus Wentworth (Cyclopaedia of Biblical…Literature)
Type: Description
Citation:
John McClintock and James Strong, “Wentworth, Erastus,” Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature (New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1889), 2: 1075.
Body Summary:
Wentworth, Erastus, D.D., a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born at Stonington, Conn., Aug. 5, 1813. He was converted in 1831 ; studied at Cazenovia, N. Y. ; graduated from Wesleyan University, Conn., in 1887; became a teacher in Gouverneur Seminary in 1838, and in 1841 in Troy Conference Academy, joining the Troy Conference the same year; in 1846 was elected president of M’Kendrie College, Ill. ; in 1850 professor in Dickinson College, Pa. ; in 1854 went as a missionary to Foochow, China; in 1862 became pastor of North-second Street Church, Troy, N. Y.; in 1865 of State Street Church, in the same city; in 1868 at Pittsfield, Mass.; in 1871 at Amsterdam, N. Y.; in 1872 editor of The Ladies’ Repository, at Cincinnati, O.; in 1877 became superannuated, and died at Sandy Hill, N. Y., May 25,1886. He was possessed of remarkable and varied talents, wrote much and brilliantly, especially for the journals, and several times was a member of the General Conference. See Alumni Record of Wesleyan University, 1882, p. 17, 654.
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