Events

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Personal James Naismith, inventor of basketball, is born in northern Ontario the son of Scottish immigrants
Personal James Pinckney Henderson, the new Senator from Texas, dies in Philadelphia before even taking his seat
Personal Jane Addams born in Cedarville, Illinois
Personal Janet Delano, pioneer nursing administrator, is born near Montour Falls, New York
US/the World Japan and the United States sign the Treaty of Kanagawa, the first ever between the two nations
US/the World Japan pays an indemnity Britain demanded for attacks on its people and property in the country
Foreign Japan signs a commercial treaty with Russia
Foreign Jean Jaurès, the French socialist hero, is born at Castre in south-western France
Personal Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, the leading Neoclassical painter of his day, dies in at his home in France.
Battles/Soldiers Jefferson Davis appoints Pierre G.T. Beauregard commanding general of the troops around Fort Sumter
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis declares a day of "fasting, humiliation, and prayer" across the Confederacy
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis declares martial law in and around the Virginia towns of Norfolk and Portsmouth
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis declares martial law in the Richmond area and also bans the production of spirits
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis of Mississippi resigns from the United States Senate
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis selected as Provisional President of the Confederate States
Lawmaking/Litigating Jefferson Davis sworn in as Provisional President of the Confederate States
Personal Jennie Wade, killed the morning before, is buried in a temporary grave in Gettysburg
Education/Culture Jerry Bryant, leader of the famous Bryant's Minstrels, dies suddenly in New York City, aged thirty-two
Cultural Jew's Hospital of New York City incorporated
Cultural Jew's Hospital of New York City opens
Religion/Philosophy Jews in Hungary gain full rights to testify in court
Foreign Jews in Hungary gain the right to marry without state permission
Personal John A. Andrew, War Governor of Massachusetts, dies suddenly at his home in Boston, aged forty-nine.
Personal John A. King, former Republican governor of New York, dies at his home in Queens County after a stroke.
Personal John Anthony Quitman, Mexican War general and Mississippi advocate of secession, dies on his plantation in Natchez
Lawmaking/Litigating John Brown and his fellow prisoners are held at Charlestown pending trial before a Virginia court
Lawmaking/Litigating - John Brown and his fellow prisoners are held at Charlestown, Virginia pending trial
Battles/Soldiers John Brown and his surviving raiders are taken to Charlestown, Virginia under heavy guard
Lawmaking/Litigating John Brown appears before a Virginia court for the first time
Legal/Political John Brown arrives in Chatham, Ontario for a series of secret meetings