Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland authored a bill that laid down conditions for the reentry of seceding states into the Union. Far more stringent that President Lincoln's plan, it required that no former Confederates participate in their state's "reconstruction" and required that a majority of voters in any seceded state take the oath of loyalty to the United States before admission could be considered. The bill passed the Senate in July but the President rejected it, enraging Radical Republicans. (By John Osborne)