Parts of two regiments of New York Militia, around eight hundred strong, had been rushed to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in response to the Confederate invasion.  Brigadier General Joseph F. Knipe, at home recovering from wounds and malaria, took command and was ordered down the valley by rail to Franklin County to repair the railroad bridge at Scotland that General Jenkins Confederate cavalry had destroyed days before.  This they did and the next day camped just south of Chambersburg on the road leading to Hagerstown. (By John Osborne) 

General Jubal Early made a personal visit with his Confederate troops to the Caledonian Ironworks at the base of South Mountain between Chambersburg and Gettysburg, knowing that it was owned by Thaddeus Stevens, the abolitionist Pennsylvania congressman.  The foreman and his men pleaded for their livelihoods but Early reportedly described Stevens as "an enemy of the South" wanting to confiscate their property and arm their slaves.  The next day he gave orders in person for the burning of the works. (By John Osborne)  

As the Confederate cavalry screened the advance of the Army of Northern Virginia advancing towards Pennsylvania, its activity in western Virginia increased.  Having crossed the Potomac at Point-of-Rocks, Maryland, mounted units about eight miles east of Harpers Ferry intercepted the last of five military trains hurriedly departing the area for Baltimore on the Baltimore and Ohio line.  The locomotive and twenty-three loaded cars were destroyed and the crew and fifteen passengers left on foot.  (By John Osborne)