Charles Force Deems (Dickinson Alumni Record)

Reference
George Leffingwell Reed, ed., Alumni Record: Dickinson College (Carlisle, PA: Dickinson College, 1905), 97.
*Deems, Charles Force – Born December 4, 1820, in Baltimore, Md ; A. B., 1839; D. D., Randolph Macon, 1850; LL. D., 1889; 1841, professor of rhetoric and logic in the University of North Carolina; 1847, professor of natural science in Randolph Macon college, Va.; 1850, president of Greensboro college, North Carolina; 1866-93, pastor of the Church of the Strangers, New York; 1877, founded “Sunday Magazine” ; 1877-80, editor “Sunday Magazine” ; 1881, president American institute of Christian philosophy; married June 20, 1843, Anna Disoway of New York city.

George Brinton McClellan (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Steven E. Woodworth, "McClellan, George B," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/04/04-00674.html.
As commander of the Army of the Potomac, he was perhaps the only man in the country who could have won the war in an afternoon, but he was also one of the few who could have lost it in that span. The accomplishment of denying so formidable an opponent as Lee his goal of crushing the Army of the Potomac in the Seven Days' battles was not without merit, but its credit to McClellan was interred long before the general's bones were laid to rest.

Charles Dexter Cleveland (Dickinson Chronicles)

Scholarship
John Osborne and James W. Gerencser, eds., “Charles Dexter Cleveland,” Dickinson Chronicles, http://chronicles.dickinson.edu/encyclo/c/ed_clevelandCD.html.
Charles Cleveland was born on December 3, 1802 in Salem, Massachusetts. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1827. Three years later, he came to Dickinson College as professor of Greek and Latin. On his own initiative he added history and literature to his classes. From 1830 to 1832, Cleveland also served as librarian of the College. By all reports, he was well liked by the students, but not by the college president and other faculty members. His views on the method of instruction conflicted with those of his colleagues; the tensions that arose led to his resignation in 1832.

Lewis Hayden (National Park Service)

Reference
National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, “Lewis and Harriet Hayden House,” Boston African American National Historic Site – Lewis and Harriet Hayden House. http://www.nps.gov/boaf/historyculture/lewis-and-harriet-hayden-house.html.
The Hayden’s routinely cared for self-emancipated African Americans at their home, which served as a boarding house. Records from the Boston Vigilance Committee, of which Lewis was a member, indicate that scores of people received aid and safe shelter at the Hayden home between 1850 and 1860. Lewis Hayden was one of the men who helped rescue Shadrach Minkins from federal custody in 1851 and he played a significant role in the attempted rescue of Anthony Burns. Hayden also contributed money to John Brown, in preparation for his raid on Harper’s Ferry.

Lewis Hayden (Blockson, 1994)

Reference
Charles L. Blockson, Hippocrene  Guide to The Underground Railroad (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1994), 185.
Hayden was himself a slave who had escaped from Kentucky in 1816 and settled in Boston. He made his large, four-story home on Beacon Hill a station stop. When William and Ellen Craft made their daring escape in 1848 from Macon, Georgia, they were forwarded to Hayden’s home. Upon recovering the Crafts, Hayden placed himself by two kegs of gunpowder and stood with a candle, grimly determined to blow up his home, the Crafts and himself, rather than surrender his guests if slave hunters came to his door.

Lewis Hayden (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Roy E. Finkenbine, "Hayden, Lewis," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-00315.html.
Separated from his family by the slave trade at age ten, he was eventually owned by five different masters. The first, a Presbyterian clergyman, traded him for a pair of horses. The second, a clock peddler, took Hayden along on his travels throughout the state, exposing him to the variety of forms that the "peculiar institution" could take. About 1830 he married Harriet Bell, also a slave. They had three children; one died in infancy, another was sold away, and a third remained with the couple. Hayden's third owner, in the early 1840s, whipped him often.

Rufus Barringer (American National Biography)

Scholarship
D. Scott Hartwig, "Barringer, Rufus," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/05/05-00051.html.
Barringer was promoted to brigadier general on 1 June 1864 and was assigned to command a cavalry brigade consisting of the First, Second, Third, and Fifth North Carolina. He led his brigade in the almost constant cavalry fighting and skirmishing that marked the 1864 campaign in Virginia. In August, while temporarily in command of Fitz Lee's division, he participated in the rout of Union forces at Ream's Station, for which he received the compliments of Robert E. Lee.

William Mahone (Congressional Biographical Directory)

Reference
"Mahone, William," Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774 to Present, http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000067.
MAHONE, William, a Senator from Virginia; born in Southampton County, Va., December 1, 1826; graduated from the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington in 1847; taught two years at the Rappahannock Military Academy; became a civil engineer with the Norfolk & Petersburg Railroad and rose to president, chief engineer, and superintendent; joined the Confederate Army and took part in the capture of Norfolk Navy Yard; was commissioned brigadier general and major general in 1864; at the close of the Civil War returned to railroad engineering, and became pr

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (American National Biography)

Scholarship
Louis J. Budd, "Twain, Mark," American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/16/16-00313.html.
Samuel Clemens emerged from early frailty into a lively boyhood, though episodes of sleepwalking indicated strong tensions, probably increased by the deaths of a sister and then a brother. His parents, while apparently compatible, struck him as sharply different. His father, careful to come across as a gentleman, was a principled Whig and essentially a freethinker in theology who intimidated him, seeming stiff and austere; his mother, resilient, warm, comfortably religious, and playful, impressed him as a nonconformist.
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