Italy

Place Unit Type
Nation
Containing Unit
Date Type
At the Battle of Custoza, near Verona, Austrian troops halt the Italian invasion of Venetia. Battles/Soldiers
Austrian and Italian naval units clash at Lissa in the first major fleet confrontation of ironclads. Battles/Soldiers
Austrian troops cross into eastern Prussia setting off full war between Prussia and Austria. US/the World
Battlefield carnage inspires Henri Durant to found what will become the International Red Cross Battles/Soldiers
Britain becomes the first state to recognize the new united Kingdom of Italy US/the World
Count Cavour prepares to annex central and southern provinces into a united Italy US/the World
Count Cavour, prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, assures Switzerland over the transfer of Nice to France US/the World
- Don Carlos, pretender to Spain's throne, and his wife die within hours of each other of scarlet fever US/the World
Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Emperor Napoleon III meet in battle at Solferino in Italy Foreign
Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Emperor Napoleon III of France sign an armistice at Villafranca in Italy Foreign
Former Neapolitan provinces, including Sicily, vote overwhelmingly to join a united Italy US/the World
From Germany, the Grand Duke of Tuscany protests the annexation of his province Foreign
- Garibaldi and his Italian nationalists inflict final defeat on the Bourbon forces at Battle of Volturno US/the World
- Garibaldi and his main force cross from Sicily to invade the Italian mainland US/the World
Garibaldi and his men capture thousands of royal troops at Villa San Giovanni US/the World
Garibaldi and his thousand volunteers embark from the Tuscan coast for Sicily US/the World
Garibaldi and his thousand volunteers land at the Sicilian port town of Marsala US/the World
Garibaldi and his thousand volunteers win their first victory on Sicily at Calatafimi Battles/Soldiers
- Garibaldi and his volunteers organize on the Tuscan coast for their invasion of Sicily US/the World
Garibaldi begs Victor Emmanuel II to allow him to cross with his men to the Neapolitan mainland US/the World
Garibaldi leaves Naples and retires to private life on his farm on the island of Caprera US/the World
Garibaldi pledges that his conquests will become a part of a united Italy US/the World
Garibaldi states that the former Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies will now form part of a united Italy US/the World
Garibaldi welcomes King Victor Emmanuel II and turns over his conquests to him US/the World
Giacomo Puccini born in Tuscany Personal
Giuseppe Garibaldi declares himself "Dictator of Sicily" US/the World
In Calabria, Garibaldi and his men capture more of the increasingly dispirited Bourbon army US/the World
In Calabria, the town of Catanzaro defies its Bourbon garrison to declare for Garibaldi US/the World
In Italy, Garibaldi enters Naples in triumph US/the World
In Italy, King Victor Emmanuel II opens the new Italian parliament US/the World
In Italy, Palma and Piacenta request annexation to the Kingdon of Piedmont-Sardinia Foreign
In Italy, Palma and Piacenta vote to break away from Bourbon rule Foreign
In Italy, Piedmontese forces sweep aside Neapolitan resistance and advance on Capua US/the World
- In Italy, plebiscite results in former Neapolitan provinces go overwhelmingly for joining a united Italy US/the World
In Italy, the inhabitants of Savoy vote in a plebiscite on whether their province will become part of France US/the World
In Italy, the results of the recent plebiscite in Savoy confirms that the province will become part of France US/the World
In Naples, announcement of a popular plebiscite in former Neapolitan provinces on joining a united Italy US/the World
In Sicily, announcement of a popular plebiscite in former Neapolitan provinces on joining a united Italy US/the World
- In southern Italy, a serious eruption of Mount Vesuvius shatters the town of Torre del Greco Crime/Disasters
In southern Italy, Garibaldi and his men reach Cosenza, capital of Upper Calabria US/the World
In southern Italy, Garibaldi takes the Calabrian town of Monteleone without a fight US/the World
In the Alps, the Matterhorn is climbed for the first time but disaster strikes the climbers on the way down Crime/Disasters
- Inhabitants of Nice voting in a plebiscite on whether their district will become part of France US/the World
Italian nationalist forces begin the siege of Gaeta, the last stronghold of the Bourbon monarchy US/the World
Italian provinces of Romagna, Emilia, and Tuscany begin voting on a plebiscite to decide their future Foreign
Italian provinces of Romagna, Emilia, and Tuscany vote for annexation by Piedmont-Sardinia Foreign
Italy and Austria sign the Armistice of Cormon, ending their seven week conflict. Battles/Soldiers
Italy, allied to Prussia, declares war on the Austrian Empire. Battles/Soldiers
King "Bomba" dies in his palace in Caserta in Italy, aged forty-nine Foreign
King Ferdinand of Naples evacuates his capital US/the World
King Ferdinand of Naples urged to give up sovereignty as Garibaldi advances US/the World
King Victor Emanuel enters the city of Venice, newly united with the rest of Italy. US/the World
King Victor-Emmanuel of Piedmont-Sardinia explains the transfer of Nice and Savoy to France Foreign
Large gathering of leading New Yorkers demonstrate their support of Italian liberty US/the World
Now fighting on the Italian mainland, Garibaldi and his men capture Reggio US/the World
Piedmont-Sardinia annexes Emilia as the unification of Italy increases pace Foreign
Piedmont-Sardinia annexes Tuscany as the unification of Italy increases pace Foreign
Piedmont-Sardinia defeats the Papal States at the Battle of Castelfidardo US/the World
Plans for the plebiscite on the transfer of Nice and Savoy from Piedmont-Sardinia to France are published Foreign
Prussia and Austria agree a cease fire and armistice to end their five week conflict. Battles/Soldiers
Rebellion in Sicily against the Bourbon throne breaks out in Palermo Foreign
Ship full of donated military equipment arrives at Garibaldi's Sicilian base from England US/the World
Switzerland once again protests the transfer of Nice and Savoy from Piedmont-Sardinia to France US/the World
The Chamber of Deputies in Turin votes a new kingdom of Italy with Victor Emmanuel II as king US/the World
The Kingdom of Italy signs a treaty guaranteeing the independence of its tiny neighbor, San Marino US/the World
The last of Wolfgang Mozart's sons dies in Milan Personal
The last Papal troops in the Pope's central Italian provinces surrender at Ancona US/the World
The Treaty of Prague ends the Italian-Austrian War and cedes Venetia for transfer to Italy. Lawmaking/Litigating
The United States becomes the second nation state to recognize the new united Kingdom of Italy Lawmaking/Litigating
Victor Emanuel II annexes Naples, Sicily, and Umbria and the unification of Italy is almost complete US/the World
Victor Emmanuel II signs the declaration of the new united kingdom of Italy US/the World
Victor Emmanuel of Piedmont becomes King of the Two Sicilies essentially completing the unification of modern Italy US/the World
Name Type
Ancona, Italy City or Town
Bologna, Italy City or Town
Florence, Italy City or Town
Genoa, Italy City or Town
Milan, Italy City or Town
Perugia, Italy City or Town
Piedmont-Sardinia Nation
Rome, Italy City or Town
Sicily State or Province
Turin, Italy City or Town
Venice, Italy City or Town
How to Cite This Page: "Italy," House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College, https://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/9011.